* análisis de voz pasiva en interrogativa
|
ACTIVA
|
PASIVA
|
|
-
¿nos han enviado las flores tus amigos?
|
-
¿(nos) han sido enviadas las flores por tus
amigos?
|
|
en
afirmativa sería =
tus
amigos nos han enviado las flores
|
LAS
FLORES (NOS) HAN SIDO ENVIADAS POR TUS
AMIGOS
|
|
= your friends have sent us flowers
|
= THE
FLOWERS HAVE BEEN SENT (to us) BY YOUR FRIENDS
|
|
HAVE YOUR
FRIENDS SENT US THE FLOWERS?
|
HAVE THE
FLOWERS BEEN SENT (to us) BY YOUR FRIENDS
|
WERE THE FLOWERS SENT BY YOUR FRIENDS? (PASIVA)
YOUR
FRIENDS SENT THE FLOWERS
DID YOUR FRIENDS SEND THE FLOWERS?
1) TRADUCE LAS SIGUIENTES FRASES
PONIÉNDOLAS EN VOZ ACTIVA Y PASIVA
a. CARLOS ENVÍA MUCHAS CARTAS
i. CARLOS SENDS MANY LETTERS
ii. MANY LETTERS ARE SENT BY CARLOS
2) PON LAS FRASES EN ACTIVA O PASIVA PARA COMPLETAR QUE ESTÉN LAS DOS FORMAS
a. MIKEL HAS BEEN BREAKING OUR DOOR
b. OUR DOOR HAS BEEN BEING
BROKEN BY MIKEL
3) TRADUCE LA SIGUIENTE FRASE EN ACTIVA
Y PASIVA EN LOS SIGUIENTE TIEMPOS VERBALES: presente simple, presente continuo,
pasado simple, presente perfect, futuro, en afirmativa, negativa e
interrogativa.
a. Byron come fruta
|
Tiempo verbal
|
activa
|
pasiva
|
|
Presente simple
|
BYRON
EATS FRUIT
|
FRUIT IS
EATEN BY BYRON
|
|
BYRON
DOES NOT EAT FRUIT
|
FRUIT IS
NOT EATEN BY BYRON
|
|
|
DOES
BYRON EAT FRUIT?
|
IS FRUIT
EATEN BY BYRON?
|
|
|
Presente continuo
|
BYRON IS
EATING FRUIT
|
FRUIT IS
BEING EATEN BY BYRON
|
|
BYRON IS
NOT EATING FRUIT
|
FRUIT IS
NOT BEING EATEN BY BYRON
|
|
|
IS BYRON
EATING FRUIT?
|
IS FRUIT
BEING EATEN BY BYRON?
|
|
|
PASADO SIMPLE
|
BYRON ATE
FRUIT
|
FRUIT WAS
EATEN BY BYRON
|
|
BYRON DID
NOT EAT FRUIT
|
FRUIT WAS
NOT EATEN BY BYRON
|
|
|
DID BYRON
EAT FRUIT?
|
WAS FRUIT
EATEN BY BYRON?
|
|
|
PRESENTE PERFECTO
|
BYRON HAS
EATEN FRUIT
|
FRUIT HAS
BEEN EATEN BY BYRON
|
|
BYRON HAS
NOT EATEN FRUIT
|
FRUIT HAS
NOT BEEN EATEN BY BYRON
|
|
|
HAS BYRON
EATEN FRUIT?
|
HAS FRUIT
BEEN EATEN BY BYRON?
|
|
|
FUTURO SIMPLE
|
BYRON
WILL EAT FRUIT
|
FRUIT
WILL BE EATEN BY BYRON
|
|
BYRON
WILL NOT EAT FRUIT
|
FRUIT
WILL NOT BE EATEN BY BYRON
|
|
|
WILL
BYRON EAT FRUIT?
|
WILL
FRUIT BE EATEN BY BYRON?
|
- PRESENTE SIMPLE = LO QUE HAGO HABITUALMENTE
S +
VERBO (+ “S” si es 3ª del singular ***
***
she, he , it, my friend, Ixel, IÑAKI, aquel que ví ayer, la única persona que
no tocó la campana y aguantó el repaso hasta el último día.
S + DO /DOES (+ si es 3ª del
singular ***) + NOT+ VERBO (sin s)
DO/DOES + S
+ VERBO (sin s)?
-
DUERMO 9 HORAS
I SLEEP
NINE HOURS
I DO NOT SLEEP
NINE HOURS
DO I SLEEP
NINE HOURS?
-
ÉL JUEGA AL
FÚTBOL
HE PLAYS
FOOTBALL
HE DOES NOT
PLAY FOOTBALL
DOES HE
PLAY FOOTBALL?
PRESENTE CONTINUO = LO QUE ESTOY HACIENDO EN ESTE MOMENTO
S + (TO BE)*** + VERBO-ING
TO
BE = AM, ARE, IS
S + (TO BE)*** + NOT + VERBO-ING
(TO
BE)*** + S + VERBO-ING ?
ESTOY
LEYENDO UN LIBRO
I AM
READING A BOOK
I AM NOT
READING A BOOK
AM I
READING A BOOK?
ELLA
ESTÁ VIENDO LA TELE
SHE IS
WATCHING TV
SHE IS NOT
WATCHING TV
IS SHE
WATCHING TV?
FUTURO SIMPLE = LO QUE PASARÁ MAÑANA... EN EL FUTURO
S + WILL +
V
S + WILL +
NOT + V
WILL + S +
V ?
COMERÉ
FRUTA
I WILL EAT
FRUIT
I WILL NOT
EAT FRUIT
WILL I EAT
FRUIT?
TU
AMIGA IRÁ AL
CINE
YOUR FRIEND
WILL GO TO THE CINEMA
YOUR FRIEND
WILL NOT GO TO THE CINEMA
WILL YOUR
FRIEND GO TO THE CINEMA?
***
Diferencia entre will y would
No se
traducen por sí mismos sino que afectan a la traducción del verbo
GO = IR
I GO = YO
VOY
I WILL GO =
YO IRÉ
I WOULD GO = YO IRÍA
PASADO SIMPLE = ACCIÓN QUE YA HA TERMINADO -LO QUE PASÓ AYER
S + VERBO
en pasado (si es regular = +ED, si es irregular = 2ª COLUMN (p 154-155))
S + DID NOT
+ V (en inifinitivo) – el DID indica que es pasado y no hace falta indicarlo en
el verbo
DID + S + V
?
AYER
VINE A CLASE
YESTERDAY I
CAME TO CLASS
YESTERDAY I
DID NOT COME TO CLASS
DID I COME
TO CLASS YESTERDAY?
COMÍ
CON MI PRIMA
* COMER =
EAT
cuando
hablamos de “comer” la comida de mediodía se utiliza el verbo “HAVE”
DESAYUNAR =
HAVE BREAKFAST (y lo que conjugo es
el verbo HAVE)
COMER (a
mediodía) = HAVE LUNCH
CENAR = HAVE DINNER
I HAD LUNCH
WITH MY COUSIN
I DID NOT
HAVE LUNCH WITH MY COUSIN
DID I HAVE
LUNCH WITH MY COUSIN?
PRESENTE PERFECTO = una acción de pasado que
tiene vinculación/repercusión en el presente = “he hecho algo”. Lo que he hecho esta mañana..
S +
HAVE/HAS + VERBO EN PARTICIPIO (si
es regular = +ED, si es irregular = 3ª COLUMN (p 154-155))
S +
HAVE/HAS + NOT + VERBO EN PARTICIPIO
HAVE/HAS +
S + VERBO EN PARTICIPIO?
HE
ESTUDIADO INGLÉS
I HAVE
STUDIED ENGLISH
I HAVE NOT
STUDIED ENGLISH
HAVE I
STUDIED ENGLISH?
ELLA
HA DESAYUNADO
SHE HAS HAD
BREAKFAST
SHE HAS NOT
HAD BREAKFAST
HAS SHE HAD
BREAKFAST?
* corrección frases
she watches
tv
she does
not watch
does she
watch…?
She will
watch
She watched
She did not
watch
Did she
watch
She has
watched..
She has not
watched
Has she
watched…?
I eat fruit
I DO NOT
eat fruit
DO I eat
fruit?
I am eating
I am not
eating
Am I
eating?
I ate
I did not
eat
Did I eat?
I have
eaten
I have not
eaten
Have I
eaten?
Your friend
goes to…
Does not go
Does your
friend go…?
Is going
Is not
going
Is …
going…?
Went
Did not go
Did … go…?
Has gone
Has not gone
Has …
gone…?
I come to
class
Do not come
Do…I come…?
I am
coming…
I am not
coming
Am I
coming…?
I will come
I will not
come
Will I
come?
I have come
I have not
come
Have I
come?
I sleep…
I get up
I have lunch = comer (tomar la comida del mediodía)
Levantarse de
la cama = get up – got up
Despertarse
= wake up
Presente
simple
I have
lunch
I do not
have lunch
Do I have
lunch …?
Presente
continuo
I am having
lunch
I am not
having lunch
Am I having
lunch …?
Futuro
simple
I will have
lunch
I will not
have lunch
Will I have
lunch …?
Pasado
simple
I had lunch
I did not
have lunch
Did I have
lunch …?
Presente
perfecto:
I have had
lunch
I have not
had lunch
Have I had
lunch …?
I study
I do not
study
Do I study?
I am
studying
I am not
studying
Am I
studying…?
I will
study
I will not
study
Will I
study?
I studied
I did not
study
Did I
study?
I have
studied
I have not
studied
Have I
studied?
She has
breakfast
She does
not have breakfast
Does she
have breakfast?
She is
having breakfast
She is not
having breakfast
Is she
having breakfast?
She will
have breakfast
She will
not have breakfast
Will she
have breakfast?
She had
breakfast
She did not
have breakfast
Did she
have breakfast?
She has had
breakfast
She has not
had breakfast
Has she had
breakfast?
Nuevas frases:
- Daniela
escribe una carta = Daniela writes a letter
- Byron
corre = Byron runs
- Kelly
baila = Kelly dances
kelly does
not dance
does k
dance?
- Sofian
come manzanas = Sofian eats apples
- Salwa
abre la puerta = Salwa opens the door
- Angélica
va de compras = Angélica goes shopping
- Ander
juega al baloncesto = Ander plays basket
- Jana
cierra la ventana = Jana closes the window.
- Patrick
conduce = Patrick drives
1) CONDITIONALS
- “TODO LO QUE HACES… TIENE CONSECUENCIAS”
|
PREVIO –
ANTECEDENTE - CAUSA
|
CONSECUENCIA
|
3 TIPOS DE
CONDICIONALES
1.- si estudias… aprobarás
IF + PRESENTE SIMPLE --- FUTURO SIMPLE = WILL + INFINITIVO
IF YOU STUDY --- YOU WILL PASS
2.- si
estudiaras… aprobarías
IF + PASADO SIMPLE --- WOULD + INFINITIVO
IF YOU STUDIED --- YOU WOULD PASS
3.- si
hubieras estudiado… habrías aprobado
IF + PASADO PERFECTO (HAD + PARTICIPIO) --- WOULD
HAVE + PARTICIPIO
IF YOU HAD STUDIED --- YOU WOULD HAVE PASSED
-
si vienes te veré
1.- IF YOU
COME I WILL SEE YOU = SI VIENES TE VERÉ
2.- IF YOU
CAME I WOULD SEE YOU = SI VINIERAS TE VERÍA
3.- IF YOU
HAD COME I WOULD HAVE SEEN YOU = SI HUBIERAS VENIDO TE HABRÍA VISTO
1.- si
Daniela bebe dormirá
if D drinks she will sleep
drank –
would sleep
had drunk - would have slept
2.- Byron
conducirá si compra el coche
B will drive if he buys the car
Would drive
– bought (B conduciría si comprara el coche)
Would have
driven-- had bought
3.- Kelly
no vendrá si está enferma
K will not
come if she is ill
Would not
come – was
Would not have come--Had been
4.- Sofian
escribirá si tiene boli
S will
write if he has a ball-pen
Would write
– had
Would have
written – had had
5.- veré a
Salwa si viene
if S comes
I will see her
I will see
Salwa if she comes
Would see –
came
Would have
seen – had come
6.-
Angélica hará los deberes si quiere
A will do
the homework if she wants
Would do –
wanted
Would have
done – had wanted
7.- Ander
viajará a Londres si Jana no va
if J does
not go Ander will go to London
did not go
– would go
had not
gone – would have gone
8.- Si Jana
va de compras comprará muchas cosas
if J goes
shopping she will buy many things
if J went
shopping she would buy
had gone –
would have bought
9.- Si
Patrick lee el libro aprenderá palabras.
If P reads
the book he will learn words
Read –
would learn
Had read –
would have learnt
VOZ PASIVA
1.- Jana
compra un bolso (un bolso es comprado por Jana)
|
JANA BUYS
A HANDBAG
|
A HANDBAG
IS BOUGHT BY JANA
|
|
JANA
|
BUYS
|
A HANDBAG
|
|
A HANDBAG
|
IS
|
BOUGHT
|
BY JANA
|
|
|
IS BUYING
|
|
|
IS BEING
|
BOUGHT
|
|
|
|
|
WILL BUY
|
|
|
WILL BE
|
BOUGHT
|
|
|
|
|
BOUGHT
|
|
|
WAS
|
BOUGHT
|
|
|
|
|
HAS
BOUGHT
|
|
|
HAS BEEN
|
BOUGHT
|
|
2.-
Angélica come pan
3.- Jana
visita París
4.- Patrick
envía una carta
5.- Sofian
rompe el libro
6.- Iñaki
vende mesas
7.- Salwa
compra sillas
8.- Daniela
ve la tele (watch TV)
nuestras amigas nos las envían
poner en
interrogativa en presente perfecto, pasiva
|
|
ACTIVA
|
PASIVA
|
|
Presente simple
|
OUR
FRIENDS SEND US THEM / THEM TO US
|
WE ARE SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS
THEY ARE SENT TO US BY
OUR FRIENDS
|
|
OUR
FRIENDS DO NOT SEND US THEM
|
WE ARE
NOT SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS
THEY ARE
NOT SENT TO US BY OUR FRIENDS
|
|
|
DO OUR
FRIENDS SEND US THEM?
|
ARE WE
SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS?
ARE THEY
SENT TO US BY OUR FRIENDS?
|
|
|
Presente continuo
|
OUR FRIENDS
ARE SENDING US THEM
|
WE ARE
BEING SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS
THEY ARE
BEING SENT TO US BY OUR FRIENDS
|
|
OUR
FRIENDS ARE NOT SENDING US THEM
|
WE ARE
NOT BEING SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS
THEY ARE
NOT BEING SENT TO US BY OUR FRIENDS
|
|
|
ARE OUR
FRIENDS SENDING US THEM?
|
ARE WE
BEING SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS?
ARE THEY
BEING SENT TO US BY OUR FRIENDS?
|
|
|
Futuro simple
|
OUR
FRIENDS WILL SEND US THEM
|
WE WILL
BE SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS
THEY WILL
BE SENT TO US BY OUR FRIENDS
|
|
OUR
FRIENDS WILL NOT SEND US THEM
|
WE WILL
NOT BE SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS
THEY WILL
NOT BE SENT TO US BY OUR FRIENDS
|
|
|
WILL OUR
FRIENDS SEND US THEM?
|
WILL WE
BE SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS?
WILL THEY
BE SENT TO US BY OUR FRIENDS?
|
|
|
Pasado simple
|
OUR
FRIENDS SENT US THEM
|
WE WERE
SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS
THEY WERE
SENT TO US BY OUR FRIENDS
|
|
OUR
FRIENDS DID NOT SEND US THEM
|
WE WERE
NOT SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS
THEY WERE
NOT SENT TO US BY OUR FRIENDS
|
|
|
DID OUR
FRIENDS SEND US THEM?
|
WERE WE
SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS?
WERE THEY
SENT TO US BY OUR FRIENDS?
|
|
|
Presente perfecto
|
OUR FRIENDS HAVE
SENT US THEM
|
WE HAVE BEEN SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS
THEY HAVE BEEN SENT TO US BY OUR FRIENDS
|
|
OUR
FRIENDS HAVE NOT SENT US THEM
|
WE HAVE
NOT BEEN SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS
THEY HAVE
NOT BEEN SENT TO US BY OUR FRIENDS
|
|
|
HAVE OUR FRIENDS
SENT US THEM?
|
HAVE WE BEEN SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS?
HAVE THEY BEEN SENT TO US BY OUR FRIENDS?
|
¿Nos las enviarán nuestras amigas si les
llamamos por teléfono?
Nuestras
amigas nos las enviarán si les llamamos por teléfono
Our
friends will send us them if we phone them
WILL OUR FRIENDS SEND US THEM IF WE PHONE THEM?
WE
ARE SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS IF THEY ARE PHONED BY US
ARE WE SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS IF THEY ARE
PHONED BY US?
HOMEWORK:
A) PONER ESTA FRASE EN LOS 2 CONDICIONALES QUE
FALTAN. (EN ACTIVA Y PASIVA = 4 FRASES)
B) PONER EN LOS 5 TIEMPOS, AF,NEG,INT EN VOZ
ACTIVA Y PASIVA
1.- jana me lo compra
2.- Daniela nos lo envía
3.- Patrick os las vende
4.- Kelly mata una mosca
5.- sofian juega al fútbol
6.- Angélica estudia Inglés
7.- Iñaki suspende el examen
8.- Salwa no hace los deberes
|
Pronombres personales FUNCIÓN SUJETO (antes del verbo principal)
|
Pronombres personales FUNCIÓN OBJETO (DESPUÉS del
verbo principal)
|
|
I
|
ME
|
|
YOU
|
YOU
|
|
HE
|
HIM
|
|
SHE
|
HER
|
|
IT
|
IT
|
|
WE
|
US
|
|
YOU
|
YOU
|
|
THEY
|
THEM
|
10-06-14
¿Nos las enviarán nuestras amigas si les
llamamos por teléfono?
1º
condicional
Nuestras
amigas nos las enviarán si les llamamos por teléfono
Our
friends will send us them if we phone them
WILL OUR FRIENDS SEND US THEM IF WE PHONE THEM?
WE
ARE SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS IF THEY ARE PHONED BY US
ARE WE SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS IF THEY ARE
PHONED BY US?
2º
condicional
Nuestras
amigas nos las enviarían si les llamáramos por teléfono
Our
friends would send us them if we phoned them
WOULD OUR FRIENDS SEND US THEM IF WE PHONE
THEM?
pasiva
WE WOULD BE SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS IF THEY
WERE PHONED BY US
WOULD WE BE SENT THEM BY OUR FRIENDS IF THEY
WERE PHONED BY US?
*
recordatorio estructura interrogativa = AUXILIAR + SUJETO + VERBO PRINCIPAL…?
Do you go…?
Are you
eating?
Will he
pass?
Did we go?
Have you
gone…?
1.- jana me lo compra
2.- Daniela nos lo envía
3.- Patrick os las vende
4.- Kelly mata una mosca
5.- sofian juega al fútbol
6.- Angélica estudia Inglés
7.- Iñaki suspende el examen
8.- Salwa no hace los deberes
|
|
ACTIVA
|
PASIVA
|
|
Presente simple
|
JANA BUYS
ME IT
|
IT IS BOUGHT TO ME BY JANA / I AM BOUGHT IT
BY JANA
|
|
J DOES
NOT BUY ME IT
|
IT IS NOT BOUGHT TO ME BY JANA
|
|
|
DOES JANA
BUY ME IT?
|
IS IT BOUGHT TO ME BY JANA?
|
|
|
Presente continuo
|
JANA IS
BUYING ME IT
|
IT IS
BEING BOUGHT TO ME BY J
|
|
J DOES IS
NOT BUYING ME IT
|
IT IS NOT
BEING BOUGHT TO ME BY J
|
|
|
IS JANA
BUYING ME IT?
|
IS IT
BEING BOUGHT TO ME BY J?
|
|
|
Futuro simple
|
JANA WILL
BUY ME IT
|
IT WILL
BE BOUGHT TO ME BY J
|
|
JANA WILL
NOT BUY ME IT
|
IT WILL
NOT BE BOUGHT TO ME BY J
|
|
|
WILL JANA
BUY ME IT?
|
WILL IT
BE BOUGHT TO ME BY J?
|
|
|
Pasado simple
|
JANA
BOUGHT ME IT
|
IT WAS
BOUGHT TO ME BY J
|
|
JANA DID
NOT BUY ME IT
|
IT WAS
NOT BOUGHT TO ME BY J
|
|
|
DID JANA
BUY ME IT?
|
WAS IT
BOUGHT TO ME BY J?
|
|
|
Presente perfecto
|
JANA HAS
BOUGHT ME IT
|
IT HAS
BEEN BOUGHT TO ME BY J
|
|
JANA HAS
NOT BOUGHT ME IT
|
IT HAS
NOT BEEN BOUGHT TO ME BY J
|
|
|
HAS JANA
BOUGHT ME IT?
|
HAS IT
BEEN BOUGHT TO ME BY J?
|
|
|
ACTIVA
|
PASIVA
|
|
Presente simple
|
Salwa does the homework
|
The homework is done by salwa
|
|
Salwa does not DO the homework
|
The homework is not done by salwa
|
|
|
Does salwa do the homework?
|
is The homework done by salwa?
|
|
|
Presente continuo
|
Salwa is
doing the homework
|
The
homework is being done by salwa
|
|
Salwa is
not doing the homework
|
The
homework is not being done by salwa
|
|
|
Is salwa
doing the homework?
|
Is the
homework being done by salwa?
|
|
|
Futuro simple
|
Salwa
will do the homework
|
The
homework will be done by salwa
|
|
Salwa
will NOT do the homework
|
The
homework will not be done by salwa
|
|
|
will
Salwa do the homework?
|
will The
homework be done by salwa?
|
|
|
Pasado simple
|
Salwa did the homework
|
The
homework was done by salwa
|
|
Salwa did not do the homework
|
The
homework was NOT done by salwa
|
|
|
Did salwa do the
homework?
|
was The
homework done by salwa?
|
|
|
Presente perfecto
|
Salwa has
done the homework
|
The
homework has been done by salwa
|
|
Salwa has
not done the homework
|
The
homework has not been done by salwa
|
|
|
Has salwa
done the homework?
|
has The
homework been done by salwa?
|
EN 3ª
CONDICIONAL… EL HAVE Y EL HAD
IF + PASADO PERFECTO (= HAD +
VERBO EN PARTICIPIO)
--- WOULD HAVE + VERBO EN PARTICIPIO
DEFINING
NON-DEFINING
- ORACIÓN
SUBORDINADA DE RELATIVO
DEFINING = ESPECIFICATIVA (INFORMACIÓN
IMPRESCINDIBLE
NON-DEFINING
= EXPLICATIVA (INFORMACIÓN PRESCINDIBLE
LAS CHICAS QUE PATRICK CONOCIÓ EN LA DISCOTECA SON MUY GUAPAS
Daniela nos
(a nosotros) lo (singular) envía
DANIELA
SENDS US IT
Daniela nos
(a nosotros) loS (PLURAL) envía
DANIELA
SENDS US THEM
|
DEFINING
|
NON-DEFINING
|
|
Es imprescindible para entender a qué nos referimos
|
No es
imprescindible
para entender a qué nos referimos
|
|
NO VAN
ENTRE COMAS
|
VAN ENTRE
COMAS
|
|
THAT
PUEDE SUSTITUIR A WHO, WHICH
|
NO SE USA
THAT EN VEZ DE WHO O WHICH
|
|
SE PUEDE
OMITIR EL PRONOMBRE RELATIVO SI FUNCIONA COMO OBJETO
|
NO SE
PUEDE OMITIR EL PRONOMBRE RELATIVO (who, which…)
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SI HAY
VARIAS DANIELAS = DEFINING
DANIELA WHO/THAT IS WORKING HARD WILL PASS THE EXAM
SI SÓLO HAY
UNA DANIELA (ya sé a quien me refiero y, la información es adicional pero no
imprescindible) = NON-DEFINING
DANIELA, WHO IS WORKING HARD, WILL PASS THE EXAM
EL VESTIDO QUE COMPRÉ AYER ERA UN REGALO
PARA MI MADRE
Como no sé a qué vestido se refiere,
necesito la información de que lo compró ayer = DEFINING.
THE DRESS WHICH/THAT I BOUGHT YESTERDAY
WAS A PRESENT FOR MY MOTHER
FUNCIÓN
SUJETO Y OBJETO DEL
PRONOMBRE RELATIVO
The car that/which I bought yesterday… is
mine
Función
objeto
CUANDO ES
FUNCIÓN OBJETO, SÍ SE PUEDE OMITIR
The car that/which makes noise… is mine
Función es
sujeto
Cuando es
función sujeto NO SE PUEDE OMITIR
The music which/that I listened to yesterday was not good
Mi amiga a
quien le gusta leer se compró ayer un libro
MY FRIEND WHO/THAT LIKES READING
BOUGHT A BOOK YESTERDAY
LA CASA
QUE VI AYER ES ROJA
DEFINING
THE HOUSE WHICH/THAT I SAW YESTERDAY IS RED
MI CASA,
QUE VI AYER, ES ROJA
NON-DEFINING
THE HOUSE,
WHICH I SAW YESTERDAY, IS RED
AQUELLO QUE ESTUDIÉ AYER SERÁ
APROBADO
DEFINING
THAT WHICH I STUDIED YESTERDAY WILL BE PASSED
PISTAS (NO
HAY QUE TRADUCIRLAS) NOS AYUDAN A ENTENDER EL CONTEXTO
A) SOFIAN VIO MUCHOS COCHES ROTOS
B) SOFIAN VIO UN COCHE ROTO Y OTRO
NUEVO
EL COCHE
ROTO ESTABA APARCADO
THE BROKEN
CAR… WAS PARKED
(hay que
inventar la frase subordinada y definir cual es defining y cual non-defining)
A) the
broken car which is yellow and big was parked
B) the
broken car ,which is yellow and big, was parked
The
broken car that was pink was parked = defining
Homework
(deberes)
Inventar
frases y traducirlas, teniendo en cuenta lo de las comas, los pronombres…
Inventar
2 contextos para que la misma frase, pueda ser defining y non defining
Peter, que nos visitó el año
pasado, es
arquitecto
Si sólo
conozco a un Peter, ya sé a quien me refiero, no es imprescindible la oración
de relativo “que nos visitó el año pasado NON-DEFINING
PETER, WHO VISITED US LAST
YEAR, IS AN
ARCHITECT
Peter que nos visitó el año pasado es arquitecto
Conozco a
varios Peter y necesito que se aclare a cuál de ellos me refiero, por lo tanto
la información de la frase subordinada de relativo es imprescindible para el
significado correcto de la frase. DEFINING
PETER WHO/THAT VISITED US LAST YEAR IS AN
ARCHITECT
Ese coche rojo que mi hermana compró está genial
DEFINING = hay varios coches rojos =
THAT RED CAR (WHICH/THAT) MY SISTER BOUGHT IS
GREAT
NON-DEFINING = sólo hay un coche rojo =
THAT RED CAR, WHICH MY SISTER BOUGHT, IS GREAT
La
chica que trabaja en el supermercado está enferma
DEFINING
THE GIRL WHO/THAT WORKS IN THE SUPERMARKET IS
ILL
El
boli que me diste no funciona
DEFINING
THE BALL-PEN (WHICH/THAT) YOU GAVE ME DOES NOT
WORK
La
persona que yo visité es mi padre
DEFINING
THE PERSON (WHO/THAT) I VISITED IS MY FATHER
El
coche que he aparcado ahí es mío
DEFINING
THE CAR (WHICH/THAT) I HAVE PARKED THERE IS
MINE
Mi
amiga Mary que es inglesa es tu nueva vecina
NON-DEFINING
MY FRIEND MARY WHO IS ENGLISH IS YOUR NEW
NEIGHBOUR
El
hombre que es atleta es rápido
DEFINING
THE MAN WHO/THAT IS AN ATHLETE IS FAST
Los gatos de Marta, que son blancos, son encantadores (todos
los gatos de Marta son blancos y todos son encantadores)
NON-DEFINING
MARTHA’S CATS,= (the cats of Martha) WHICH ARE WHITE, ARE LOVELY
Los gatos de Marta que son blancos son encantadores (Marta
tiene gatos blancos y gatos negros)
DEFINING
MARTHA’S
CATS WHICH ARE WHITE, ARE LOVELY
Los
zapatos que me compré ayer son rojos
DEFINING
THE SHOES (WHICH /THAT) I BOUGHT YESTERDAY ARE
RED
La
princesa que vive en el castillo es guapa
a)
DEFINING = HAY MUCHAS PRINCESAS Y ME REFIERO
A LA QUE VIVE EN EL CASTILLO
THE PRINCESS WHO LIVES IN THE CASTLE IS
BEAUTIFUL
B)
NON-DEFINING HABLAMOS DE UNA PRINCESA QUE YA
CONOCEMOS/SÓLO HAY UNA PRINCESA
THE PRINCESS, WHO LIVES IN THE CASTLE, IS
BEAUTIFUL
Mi
amigo que rompió la mesa
está en el hospital
DEFINING
MY FRIEND WHO/THAT BROKE THE TABLE IS IN
HOSPITAL
La
chica que conocimos ayer tiene un coche rojo
DEFINING
THE GIRL (WHO/THAT) WE MET YESTERDAY HAS A RED CAR
La
canción que escucho es bonita
DEFINING
THE SONG (WHICH/THAT) I LISTEN TO IS BEAUTIFUL
Las
frases que estoy haciendo son complicados
DEFINING
THE SENTENCES (WHICH/THAT) I AM DOING ARE
COMPLICATED
PRESENTE CONTINUO = SHE IS BREAKING
PASADO CONTINUO = SHE
WAS BREAKING
FUTURO CONTINUO = SHE
WILL BE BREAKING